Personal Info
- Country of residence: Palestine
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He is the seventh Al-Azhari in this series, and the third poet who resided, lived with, and mentored the poets and writers of the literary renaissance in Egypt (which preceded what was agreed upon to be called the Palestinian literary renaissance in the 1930s), and he is one of the pioneers of the Arabic novel .. He is the literary poet Muhammad bin Ahmed Al-Tamimi ( 1824-1924).
At a time when Egyptian literary circles agree that the first Arabic novel was the novel “Zeinab” by the writer Dr. Muhammad Hussein Heikal in the year 1914, it becomes clear to us - according to critics - that Lebanon was the first to publish the novel that was said to be the first, which is the novel “Good Consequences.” by Zainab Al-Fawaz in 1899, followed by Palestine with the novel “The Victim,” then Iraq in “The Awakening Novel” by Suleiman Faydi in 1919. As for the Gulf, his first novel was in Saudi Arabia in 1930 with the novel “The Twins” by Abdul Quddus Al-Ansari.
However, Dr. Abdul Rahman Yaghi contradicted all of this, and he confirmed in his book “The Life of Modern Palestinian Literature from the Beginning of the Renaissance to the Nakba,” published by Dar Al-Afaq in Beirut in 1981, that the novel “Al-Durr al-Nazim in the Story of Umm Hakim” by the Palestinian Muhammad Ahmad al-Tamimi, Who lived in Egypt, it was the first Palestinian novel, and here we are talking about the year 1888 as the date of publication, meaning it is also the first Arabic novel ever.
Muhammad bin Ahmed Al-Tamimi was born in the city of Hebron in 1824 AD. He grew up there and then traveled with his father, Sheikh Mufti Ahmed Al-Tamimi, when he was young, to Egypt. This is because when Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt carried out his campaign in the Levant, he met his father in Palestine and was impressed by him, his scientific talents, and his religious standing, so he invited him to return with him to Egypt, and entrusted him with the position of issuing fatwas at home. Egyptian..
My father was a teacher of Hanafi jurisprudence and the authority of the doctrine in Egypt. He established his social and political status through knowledge, education, jurisprudence, and fatwas. He died and had two sons: Abd al-Rahman, who was a spendthrift and destroyed what he had inherited from his father’s huge wealth, and Muhammad, the poet, writer, and conservative administrator, who was his father’s confidant and companion in lessons and travels, and inherited his father’s relationships, qualities, and wealth.
Muhammad Al-Tamimi studied at Al-Azhar, and his father and a number of Al-Azhar scholars whom he used to frequent his father’s gatherings taught him during that era. But Muhammad focused most of his attention on poetry and literature.
He traveled to Istanbul with his father, at the invitation of the Sultan at the time, and he met with his father there with the senior men of the capital of the Caliphate and its scholars, and was informed of its scientific, cultural and political conditions.
In Cairo, he met the preacher of the Urabi revolution, Sheikh Abdullah Al-Nadim, during his disappearance in Al-Qurashiyah, with the late Ahmed Pasha Al-Minshawi. Al-Nadim used to call himself Mr. Ali Al-Idrisi Al-Yemeni, out of extra caution and concealment.
Al-Tamimi used to attend his sessions every night, but he had doubts about Al-Nadeem, and when he became certain that his companion during these years was Al-Nadeem, he returned to his home and wrote to him: Oh,
Abha, the ink whose coast, like the sea, drives away whoever
is like you is virtuous... his virtues have grown upon
him, and he sent The two houses with His servant went to the place of the council in Al-Qurashiyah, and when Al-Nadim read them, he was terrified and feared for himself, so when night fell, Al-Tamimi came as usual, but this time he met him with an embrace, certain of the secret he knew, without revealing it to anyone.
Al-Tamimi died in Cairo in 1924 AD.
Among his most important literary works:
Al-Durr al-Nazim in the story of Umm Hakim (novel). Printed in Cairo in 1888 AD.
- Diwan Al-Safa (a collection of poetry)
- Maqama (Ghazl Al-Uyoun). Critics disagreed about whether it was his or a writer with a similar name.
When we talk about Al-Tamimi as one of the first Arab pioneers of the art of the novel, it is not a talk about a competition for the top position as much as it is a talk about the Palestinian influence as it was depicted in the various arts of literature, thought and culture, which established the solid Palestinian identity despite all the occupation’s attempts to erase it. The novel, like poetry, is ultimately a human experience that reflects the life of its author in all its details.
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